What do you mean by Named – SQL query?

Named SQL queries are defined in the mapping xml document and called wherever required.

<sql-query name = "empdetails">
     <return alias="emp" class="com.test.Employee"/>
        SELECT emp.EMP_ID AS {emp.empid},
                   emp.EMP_ADDRESS AS {emp.address},
                   emp.EMP_NAME AS {emp.name} 
        FROM Employee EMP WHERE emp.NAME LIKE :name
  </sql-query> 

Invoke Named Query :

List people = session.getNamedQuery("empdetails")
                      .setString("TomBrady", name)
                      .setMaxResults(50)
                      .list();